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Orazak Ismagululy (, born 1930) is the first and one of the only of Kazakhstan (alongside his daughter, Ainagül Ismagulovna), the doctor of historical sciences (1984) and corresponding member of the Kazakhstan National Academy of Sciences (1994).
Ismagulov uses anthropological studies of ancient and modern people as a source of historical information for ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Central Asia peoples. This work shed light on the origin of the Scythians, Sarmatians, Kangar people, Alans, and other Central Asia peoples, following the anthropological development from the ancient to the modern times in the Central Asia.
From 1960, Ismagulov was a permanent participant and a head of anthropological expeditions in Kazakhstan and beyond: -Soviet Union (1974-1975), Kazakhstan- (1991-1993), Kazakhstan-Italy (1993-1994). In the 1993–1994, within the framework of scientific cooperation with the Institute of Anthropology at the Bolonia University in Italy, Ismagulov headed an international project for problems of adaptation of high-mountain Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan populations in respect to ethno-cultural processes in the region.
Ismagulov is the author of about 100 scientific works. Among them a special place takes a compendium of for Craniology series, genetic markers, and Odontology attributes, compiled to establish a Genetics continuity between ancient and modern populations of the Middle Asia, integrity of the historical process, study the Kazakh genetic fund, and the sources of its formation, and major historical phases of Kazakhstan local ancient populations and newcoming ethnic groups from Central Asia. Ismagulov is a frequent lecturer about anthropology in Delhi, California and Bologna universities.
His only known child is his daughter Ainagül Ismagulova Orazaqqyzy, a person he often works and collaborates with when it comes to research and publishing. He mentioned her as his successor, saying that "our work combined equals a 100 years, we two did a job of a whole institute"
Under his scientific supervision 4 doctors and 3 candidates of sciences were trained. He credits Georgy Debets (rus), Yakov Roginsky (rus) and Viktor Bunak (rus) as his tutors.
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